{"id":1383,"date":"2025-04-17T18:19:53","date_gmt":"2025-04-17T18:19:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/?p=1383"},"modified":"2025-04-30T21:34:44","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T21:34:44","slug":"borsa-adi-nereden-geliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/borsa-adi-nereden-geliyor\/","title":{"rendered":"Borsa Ad\u0131 Nereden Geliyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

borsa kelimesi; italyanca’da “borsa”, frans\u0131zca’da ise “bourse” olarak ge\u00e7mekte ve kese (madeni para kesesi) anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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m.s. 2.yy’\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda k\u00fctahya ilinin \u00e7avdarhisar il\u00e7esinde bulunan ve “macellum” ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan besin pazar\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk borsas\u0131 olarak bilinir. ancak literat\u00fcre g\u00f6re ilk i\u015flevsel borsa, 1487’de bel\u00e7ika\u2019n\u0131n anvers \u015fehrinde ticari evraklar\u0131n (yani hisse senetlerinin) el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesiyle kurulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

i\u015flevsel borsan\u0131n temelleri, orta \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda kuzey italya’da at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. modern bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve borsa piyasalar\u0131n\u0131n temel kavramlar\u0131 (mesela poli\u00e7eler, \u015firket niteli\u011finde i\u015fletmeler ve kay\u0131tl\u0131 parayla bankac\u0131l\u0131k) ilk olarak burada geli\u015ftirilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

italyanlar, artan ula\u015f\u0131m maliyetleri nedeniyle kuzey avrupa’ya uzanman\u0131n farkl\u0131 yollar\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131yorlard\u0131. bu aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n neticesinde bel\u00e7ika’n\u0131n sahil kenti brugge, 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda iki b\u00fcy\u00fck ticaret imparatorlu\u011funun, yani akdeniz’in hakimi olan italyanlar\u0131n ve kuzey avrupa devi alman hanse t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n\u0131n, balt\u0131k denizi b\u00f6lgesinde bulu\u015ftu\u011fu nokta haline geldi. brugge, ticarette \u00f6nemli bir lokasyon olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 bu geli\u015fime do\u011frudan dahil olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. halk, genelde yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar aras\u0131nda arac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131yordu sadece. \u00f6zellikle hanc\u0131lar, bu arac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015finde bir numarayd\u0131. yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcccarlara konaklama sa\u011flamakla kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda onlar\u0131 temsil ediyorlard\u0131. ticaretteki bu aktif rol\u00fc nedeniyle hanc\u0131l\u0131k, b\u00f6lgedeki en sayg\u0131n mesleklerden biriydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d\u00f6nemin \u00fcnl\u00fc zenginlerinden olan van der beurze ailesi de hanc\u0131yd\u0131.
1285’ten itibaren be\u015f ku\u015fak boyunca faaliyet g\u00f6steren “huis ter beurze” (van der buerze evi) adl\u0131 bir han\u0131n sahibiydi bu aile. flamas\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 adet kese bulunan han, robert van der beurze (1280-1319) y\u00f6netimindeyken alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, \u00f6n\u00fcndeki meydanla beraber adeta ticaret hayat\u0131n\u0131n merkezi olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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avrupa’n\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan gelen t\u00fcccarlar, bu han\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki meydanda bulu\u015fup toplant\u0131 yapmay\u0131 gelenek haline getirmi\u015flerdi. bu toplant\u0131larda numuneler \u00fczerinden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yap\u0131yorlar, gemiler hen\u00fcz limana gelmeden \u00f6nce i\u00e7lerindeki mallar\u0131 belirli kurallar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde aralar\u0131nda al\u0131p sat\u0131yorlard\u0131. ya\u011fmurlu g\u00fcnlerde meydan\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki binalar\u0131n sa\u00e7aklar\u0131na veya “ter buerze” han\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131yorlard\u0131.
beursplein (borsa meydan\u0131), normalde halka a\u00e7\u0131k bir yer olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ticaret saatleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda n\u00f6bet\u00e7ilerle korunuyordu. zengin t\u00fcccarlar rahats\u0131z olmas\u0131n diye dilencilerin ve serserilerin i\u00e7eri girmesine izin verilmiyordu. ilk borsan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fi tamamen geleneksel uygulamaya dayan\u0131yordu. \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerine, d\u00fczen ve denetim mekanizmalar\u0131na dair yaz\u0131l\u0131 kay\u0131t tutulmazd\u0131 hi\u00e7. bu kay\u0131ts\u0131z i\u015fleyi\u015f, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131la dek s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sonraki y\u00fczy\u0131lda, brugge’\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan finans merkezi anvers’e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.
ama van der beurze ailesinin han\u0131ndan ve \u00f6n\u00fcndeki meydandan gelen “borsa” ismi b\u00e2ki kald\u0131. “beurs” terimi bel\u00e7ika’dan fransa, italya, ispanya ve almanya’ya yay\u0131ld\u0131. ingiltere’de de 1550 ile 1775 aras\u0131nda ‘burse’ terimi kullan\u0131ld\u0131 ancak sonra “royal exchange” olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

borsa ad\u0131n\u0131n bu hikayesine dair ilk notlar bir alman doktora aitti. 1495’te avrupa turuna \u00e7\u0131kan alman seyyah ve hekim hieronymus muenze, van der beurze ailesine ait handan ve \u00f6n\u00fcndeki meydandan bahseden ilk ki\u015fiydi. alman doktor, 1495’te ter beurze meydan\u0131nda yer alan bir misafirhanede kalm\u0131\u015f ve bu konaklamas\u0131nda edindi\u011fi izlenimleri seyahat g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne;
“brugge’de t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n bulu\u015ftu\u011fu bir meydan var, ad\u0131 ‘de beurs’. ispanyollar, italyanlar, ingilizler, almanlar, do\u011fulular, k\u0131sacas\u0131 t\u00fcm milletler orada bulu\u015fuyor,” \u015feklinde not d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ayr\u0131ca frans\u0131z t\u00fcccar ve ticaret uzman\u0131 jacques savary (1622-1690), 1675 y\u0131l\u0131nda “m\u00fckemmel t\u00fcccar veya fransa ve yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelerin ticaretiyle ilgili genel talimatlar” (le parfait n\u00e9gociant ou \u0131nstruction g\u00e9n\u00e9rale pour ce qui regarde le commerce des marchandises de france et des pays \u00e9trangers) adl\u0131 bir kitap yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

savary, k\u0131saca “ticaret s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” olarak tan\u0131mlayabilece\u011fimiz bu eserde, borsa isminin nereden geldi\u011fine de de\u011finmi\u015fti.i\u015fte borsa ad\u0131n\u0131n yolculu\u011fu, tarih sahnesinde yava\u015f yava\u015f b\u00f6yle \u015fekillenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

borsa kelimesi; italyanca’da “borsa”, frans\u0131zca’da ise “bourse” olarak ge\u00e7mekte ve kese (madeni para kesesi) anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. m.s. 2.yy’\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda k\u00fctahya ilinin \u00e7avdarhisar il\u00e7esinde bulunan ve…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1419,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel-kultur"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1383"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1423,"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1383\/revisions\/1423"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/1419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandayavrusu.com.tr\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}